Arbequina Olive: Edible Plant

Leaf spot is a common fungal disease caused by various pathogens including Alternaria, Ascochyta, Colletotrichum, Septoria, and Venturia. It primarily affects leaves, causing discolored spots that can lead to premature leaf drop if left untreated.

Pseudomonas is a group of bacteria that causes leaf spots, blights, cankers, and soft rots on many garden and houseplants. It thrives in cool, wet, or humid weather and spreads with splashing water, rain, handling, and contaminated tools. Look for small, water‑soaked spots that turn dark brown or black, often with a yellow halo; on tomatoes, these can appear as tiny dark specks on leaves and fruit. On woody plants such as cherry, plum, and lilac, it can cause sunken cankers, oozing, dieback, or blossoms that fail after a cool, wet spring. Succulents and fleshy tissues may develop soft, slimy rot. Commonly affected plants include tomatoes, peppers, beans, brassicas, roses, lilacs, stone fruits, and various houseplants.

Verticillium wilt is a soil-borne fungal disease caused primarily by the fungi Verticillium dahliae and V. albo-atrum. These pathogens infect plant roots and grow within the vascular tissues, blocking water and nutrient transport, resulting in wilting and eventual plant death. The disease affects over 350 plant species including vegetables, fruits, ornamental flowers, and trees. The fungi can survive in soil for more than 10 years as resistant structures called microsclerotia.

Scale insects are small sap-sucking pests that appear as brown, shell-like bumps on plant stems and leaves. There are over 25 species, divided into armored (hard) and unarmored (soft) scales. They feed by piercing plant tissue and extracting sap, which weakens the plant and can lead to yellowing, stunted growth, and even death if left untreated. They also excrete honeydew, which attracts ants and promotes sooty mold growth.