Complete Plant Guide
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Silver Torch Cactus
Cleistocactus strausii
Cleistocactus strausii, known as the Silver Torch Cactus, is a perennial columnar cactus native to the mountainous regions of Bolivia and Argentina. It is widely appreciated for its erect stems covered in a dense layer of short white spines, which give it a distinct silvery appearance. Upon reaching maturity, it produces tubular burgundy-red flowers that do not fully open, projecting horizontally from the stems.
Golden Rat-tail Cactus
Cleistocactus winteri
The Golden Rat-tail Cactus (Cleistocactus winteri) is a trailing cactus native to the mountainous slopes of Bolivia. Its slender, golden-spined stems can cascade over 90 cm from a hanging basket, producing striking tubular orange to salmon-pink flowers in spring and summer. Prized as a houseplant, it is easy-going as long as its need for excellent drainage and bright light is respected.
Grape Ivy
Clematicissus striata
A perennial climbing plant from the Vitaceae family, native to South America (Chile, Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay, Paraguay, Bolivia). Its slender, ribbed stems attach themselves using tendrils. The evergreen foliage, dark green and glossy, is composed of five oval, toothed leaflets arranged in a fan shape. In summer, it produces small, inconspicuous white to greenish flowers, followed by fleshy black berries that are not edible.
Clematis
Clematis
Clematis is a genus of woody and herbaceous flowering vines in the Ranunculaceae family, prized for its showy blooms in shades of purple, white, pink, and blue. Popular for covering trellises, fences, and walls, it flowers abundantly in spring and summer.
Fragrant Clematis
Clematis flammula
Clematis flammula, commonly called Fragrant Clematis, is a vigorous deciduous climber in the buttercup family (Ranunculaceae), native to the Mediterranean region and North Africa. From midsummer into autumn it produces masses of small, star-shaped, sweetly almond-scented white flowers, followed by decorative fluffy seed heads. Left to scramble, it forms a dense tangled mound, but with a trellis, fence or pergola it climbs readily to 3-4 m or more.
Anemone Clematis
Clematis montana
Clematis montana is a vigorous, deciduous climbing vine native to the Himalayas and China, prized for its abundant spring display of star-shaped white or pink flowers that can blanket walls, fences, and trees. Fast-growing and generally trouble-free, it is one of the easiest clematis to grow for beginners.
Sweet Autumn Clematis
Clematis terniflora
Clematis terniflora, commonly called sweet autumn clematis, is a vigorous, deciduous, twining vine native to Japan and China. It produces a profusion of small, star-shaped, fragrant white flowers in dense terminal panicles from late summer into fall, followed by decorative silvery, plume-like seed heads. While prized for its fast cover and late-season bloom, it self-seeds prolifically and has escaped cultivation to become invasive across parts of the eastern and midwestern United States, where it smothers native vegetation, shrubs and even mature trees.
Traveller's Joy
Clematis vitalba
Traveller's Joy (Clematis vitalba) is a vigorous, fast-growing deciduous climbing vine in the buttercup family (Ranunculaceae), native to Europe and western Asia. It scrambles over hedgerows, trees and fences using twisting leaf stalks, producing clusters of small, fragrant greenish-white flowers in summer followed by fluffy, silvery seed heads that persist through winter, giving the plant its other common name, Old Man's Beard.
Italian Clematis
Clematis viticella
Clematis viticella, commonly known as Italian Clematis or Italian Leather Flower, is a vigorous deciduous climbing vine native to southern Europe. Belonging to the Ranunculaceae family, it is widely celebrated for its prolific display of deep purple-violet flowers from midsummer through fall. One of the most resilient clematis species, it shows exceptional resistance to clematis wilt — a fungal disease that devastates many other varieties — making it a top choice for cottage gardens, arbors, and fences.
Hybrid Clematis
Clematis x hybrida
Clematis x hybrida is a deciduous climbing vine resulting from hybridization of Asian and European clematis species. Renowned for its spectacular large blooms in shades of purple, pink, white, blue, and red — which can reach up to 25 cm in diameter — it is one of the most beloved ornamental climbers in temperate gardens worldwide. It gracefully adorns fences, walls, trellises, and arbors.
Prickly Spiderflower
Cleome aculeata
Cleome aculeata is an annual herb in the Cleomaceae family, native to the tropical and subtropical regions of the Americas, ranging from Mexico to South America. In Brazil, it is found in the North, Northeast, Southeast, and Central-West regions. It grows upright and branched, reaching 20 to 60 cm in height, and features two short, curved spines at the base of each leaf, which give the species its name. The leaves almost always have three leaflets covered in glandular hairs. The flowers are small and white, measuring 5 to 10 mm, arranged in clusters with few flowers. The fruits are thin, long capsules, 3 to 6 cm in length, filled with tiny seeds coiled like snails. It is a spontaneous plant, commonly found on forest edges, riverbanks, roadsides, pastures, gardens, and croplands. Outside the Americas, such as in northern Australia, it has become an invasive weed.
Spider Flower
Cleome hassleriana
Cleome hassleriana, commonly known as Spider Flower, is a fast-growing annual plant native to South America — particularly Brazil, Paraguay, and Argentina. It produces delicate flowers in shades of pink, purple, and white with long protruding stamens resembling spider legs, attracting butterflies, hummingbirds, and other pollinators. It is an easy-to-grow plant ideal for borders, background plantings, and cottage gardens.
Spider Flower
Cleome houtteana
Cleome houtteana (long known as Cleome hassleriana) is a tall, bushy annual flower prized for its striking, spider-like blooms held atop long flowering stems. Native to South America, it grows rapidly from seed to form an upright plant reaching up to 1.8 m (6 ft) in height, with palmately compound leaves and clusters of pink, purple, or white flowers featuring long, whisker-like stamens. Blooming continuously from early summer until the first frost, it is a favorite for pollinator gardens, attracting bees, butterflies, hummingbirds, and moths. The stems carry small spines and the foliage has a musky scent, so gloves are recommended when handling the plant.
Fringed spiderflower
Cleome rutidosperma
The fringed spiderflower (Cleome rutidosperma) is an annual herbaceous plant in the Cleomaceae family, native to the coastal regions of West Africa, but now naturalized across much of tropical and subtropical Asia, Africa, and Australia. Its branched, erect, or decumbent stems bear trifoliate, rhomboid leaflets. Its small flowers, measuring only 1 cm in diameter, are violet or blue, distinguished by four upward-pointing petals and six white filaments with black tips. Following pollination, narrow, pointed seed pods 5-7 cm long develop, ripening up to thousands of tiny black seeds. Due to its rapid growth and prolific seed production, it is considered a weed in many tropical agricultural areas, but when planted as an ornamental, it provides a lasting, brightly colored floral display throughout the summer.
Glorybower (genus)
Clerodendrum
Clerodendrum is a large genus of tropical and subtropical plants in the Lamiaceae family, comprising over 400 species of shrubs, vines, and small trees. Celebrated for their ornamental flowers, popular species include the Bleeding Heart Vine (C. thomsoniae) and the Pagoda Flower (C. paniculatum).
Red Bleeding Heart Vine
Clerodendrum × speciosum
Clerodendrum × speciosum, commonly known as the Red Bleeding Heart Vine, is an ornamental hybrid between the Bleeding Heart Glory Bower (Clerodendrum thomsoniae) and the Scarlet Glory Bower (Clerodendrum splendens). This vigorous scandent shrub produces dense clusters of tubular red flowers wrapped in persistent white calyces that blush pink with age, resembling a bleeding heart. Being a sterile hybrid, it produces no viable seed and is propagated only by cuttings or division.
Rose Glory Bower
Clerodendrum bungei
Rose Glory Bower (Clerodendrum bungei) is a vigorous deciduous shrub native to China, prized for its spectacular summer and autumn blooms. It produces large, domed clusters of fragrant rose-pink to deep crimson flowers that stand out against its broad, dark green leaves. While the flowers are sweetly perfumed, the leaves emit a pungent odor when crushed. Fast-growing and adaptable, it is ideal for garden borders, screens, and wildlife gardens.
Lolly Bush
Clerodendrum floribundum
A shrub or small tree native to Australia and New Guinea, found at the margins of coastal rainforests as well as in rocky sites, gorges and creek beds across northern and eastern Australia. It produces fragrant white flowers in cymes from September to December, followed by glossy black drupes seated on an enlarged red fleshy calyx — the origin of its common name "lolly bush" — though the fruit itself is not edible. A hardy, easy-to-grow plant that adapts to a wide range of soils.
Bleeding Heart Vine
Clerodendrum thomsoniae
Clerodendrum thomsoniae is a stunning tropical climbing vine native to West Africa, prized for its striking bicolored flowers featuring pristine white heart-shaped calyces from which bright crimson tubular flowers emerge. This vigorous twining vine can grow up to 4 meters and blooms profusely in spring and summer, making it a spectacular addition to any indoor or outdoor tropical garden.
Lesser Calamint
Clinopodium nepeta
Lesser Calamint is a perennial, aromatic herb in the mint family (Lamiaceae) that forms a compact, tufted shrub with gray-green, oval leaves. The leaves possess a fresh scent of mint, oregano, and a hint of peppermint-like pennyroyal, and are widely used in Mediterranean cuisine. The plant is native to the Mediterranean region, North Africa, and parts of Central Asia, where it grows on dry, calcareous slopes and hillsides. From July to October, it bears numerous small, two-lipped flowers in white, pink, or lavender, which attract bees and butterflies. Lesser Calamint is hardy, drought-tolerant, and requires minimal care, making it a favorite for rock gardens and herb gardens.
Aniseed Funnel
Clitocybe odora
Clitocybe odora, commonly known as the Aniseed Funnel, is a remarkable forest mushroom characterized by its distinctive blue-green color and intense anise scent. Its cap is initially convex then flattens out, featuring decurrent gills. It primarily grows under deciduous and coniferous trees in autumn.
Butterfly Pea
Clitoria ternatea
Butterfly Pea (Clitoria ternatea) is a tropical climbing vine native to Southeast Asia, celebrated for its striking deep-blue butterfly-shaped flowers. It is widely grown as an ornamental, culinary, and medicinal plant. The flowers produce a natural blue pigment used in teas, foods, and beverages that turns purple when exposed to acidic ingredients. As a legume, it also fixes nitrogen, naturally enriching the soil.
Green-tip Forest Lily
Clivia gardenii
Clivia gardenii is a clump-forming evergreen perennial native to the shaded forests of KwaZulu-Natal and the Eastern Cape in South Africa. A close, more delicate relative of the popular Clivia miniata, it produces slender, tubular, drooping orange flowers with distinctive green tips in autumn and winter, followed by bright red berries. Its strappy, dark green leaves grow from a thick rhizome and thrive in the dappled shade of forest understories. Slow-growing but long-lived, it is prized by collectors for its subtle beauty and shade tolerance.
Bush Lily
Clivia miniata
Clivia miniata is an elegant evergreen perennial native to the shaded forests of South Africa's KwaZulu-Natal region. Known for its stunning clusters of trumpet-shaped orange flowers that bloom in late winter to early spring, it has become one of the most popular indoor flowering plants worldwide. Its dark green, strap-shaped leaves form a graceful fan shape, providing year-round ornamental value even when not in bloom.
Autograph Tree
Clusia fluminensis
Clusia fluminensis is a native tree of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, prized for its thick, leathery leaves on which names and messages can be scratched and remain visible as the leaf dries — hence the common name "autograph tree." It produces fragrant white flowers and ornamental fruits that split open to reveal orange-red seeds. The species is salt-tolerant and thrives in coastal environments.
Large-flowered Clusia
Clusia grandiflora
Clusia grandiflora is a hemiepiphytic climber native to the Amazon rainforest and the Guiana region, found across Brazil, Peru, Colombia, Venezuela, Suriname and French Guiana. It begins life as an epiphyte in the canopy of a host tree, later sending roots down to the forest floor and becoming a self-supporting tree up to 10 m tall with distinctive stilt roots. Its thick, leathery leaves are typical of the genus Clusia, and its large white flowers tinged with rose, up to 20 cm across, rank among the showiest in the Clusiaceae family.
Autograph Tree
Clusia rosea
Clusia rosea is a perennial tropical plant known for its leathery, stiff, and glossy deep green leaves. It is popularly called the 'autograph tree' because names can be carved into its leaves, remaining visible for a long time. In the wild, it can grow as an epiphyte, but in cultivation, it is valued as a medium-sized ornamental shrub or tree, producing showy flowers ranging from white to pink.
Bull Nettle
Cnidoscolus
Cnidoscolus is a tropical and subtropical genus in the family Euphorbiaceae, native to the Americas and comprising approximately 100 species of shrubs and small trees. The genus is best known for its stinging urticating hairs (trichomes) that cover stems, leaves, and petioles in most wild species, causing intense burning and welts on contact. The milky latex sap also causes contact dermatitis. Cnidoscolus aconitifolius (Chaya or Tree Spinach) is a notable exception in cultivated forms — spineless varieties are grown across Central America as a highly nutritious leafy vegetable, with leaves containing 2-3x more protein, calcium, and iron than spinach. Leaves must be cooked for 15-20 minutes to neutralize naturally occurring cyanogenic glycosides. Other species such as C. texanus (Bull Nettle) are considered aggressive weeds in the southern United States.
Pigeon Plum
Coccoloba diversifolia
Pigeon Plum (Coccoloba diversifolia) is a fast-growing, evergreen tropical tree native to the Caribbean, Florida, and Central America. Prized for its leathery dark-green foliage, creamy-white flower spikes, and small reddish-purple fruits loved by birds, it thrives in sandy coastal soils with outstanding drought and salt tolerance.
Sea Grape
Coccoloba uvifera
Coccoloba uvifera, commonly known as Sea Grape, is a coastal tree or large shrub native to the tropical Americas, including the Caribbean, southern Florida, Mexico, and Central and South America. It features large, round, leathery leaves up to 25 cm in diameter with distinctive reddish veins. Female trees produce hanging clusters of purple, grape-like fruits that are edible and widely used in Caribbean cuisine. The plant is highly tolerant of salt spray, wind, and sandy soils, making it a cornerstone of tropical coastal landscapes.
Thornber's Nipple Cactus
Cochemiea thornberi
Cochemiea thornberi, commonly known as Thornber's Nipple Cactus or Thornber's Fishhook Cactus, is a small clustering cactus native to the Sonoran Desert of Arizona and Sonora, Mexico. It forms dense clumps of cylindrical stems adorned with hooked central spines and produces delicate white to pink flowers with lavender midstripes, making it a prized gem among cactus collectors.
Wright's Fishhook Cactus
Cochemiea wrightii
Cochemiea wrightii, formerly classified as Mammillaria wrightii, is a small solitary cactus native to the high-elevation grasslands and rocky hills of Arizona, New Mexico, Sonora, and Chihuahua. It grows as a flattened to briefly cylindrical stem reaching just 3 to 8 cm in diameter, armed with dark, hooked central spines and whitish marginal spines. In spring and summer it produces striking magenta to bright purple flowers up to 2.5 cm wide. Thanks to its origin at elevations up to 2,200 m, it tolerates far colder winters than most Mammillaria-type cacti.
Coconut Palm
Cocos nucifera
The coconut palm (Cocos nucifera) is a majestic tropical palm, iconic along coastlines worldwide. It can reach up to 30 meters in height and produces fruit year-round in ideal climates. One of the most versatile plants in the world, with uses ranging from food to construction materials.
Croton (genus)
Codiaeum
Codiaeum is a genus of tropical ornamental plants in the Euphorbiaceae family, celebrated for their strikingly colorful foliage in shades of yellow, red, orange, and green. Most cultivated plants are varieties of Codiaeum variegatum.
Garden Croton
Codiaeum variegatum
Codiaeum variegatum, commonly known as Garden Croton, is one of the most strikingly colorful houseplants in the world. Native to Southeast Asia and the Pacific Islands, this evergreen shrub produces spectacular leaves in virtually every color — red, orange, yellow, green, purple, and white — often on the same plant. Popular cultivars include Petra, Mammy, Gold Dust, and Zanzibar.
Banana Croton
Codiaeum variegatum 'Banana'
Banana croton is a cultivar of croton (Codiaeum variegatum), in the spurge family (Euphorbiaceae), a species native to Malaysia, Indonesia, New Guinea, northern Australia and the Pacific islands. Its leaves are long, narrow and wavy, shaped like bananas: glossy deep green with golden-yellow splashes and bands that get brighter the more light they receive. It forms a dense, upright shrub that usually stays 60 to 90 cm tall indoors and can reach 1.5 m. It bears small, white, star-shaped flowers in late winter and early spring. When cut it bleeds a milky sap that irritates skin and is toxic.
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