Complete Plant Guide
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🗺️ Plants by City4106 plants found
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Ritchie's Euphorbia
Euphorbia ritchiei
Euphorbia ritchiei, formerly known as Monadenium ritchiei, is a striking succulent native to Kenya. It features thick, fleshy, spine-covered stems and circular green leaves. In spring, it produces beautiful bright pink to red cyathia (false flowers). Like all euphorbias, it exudes a toxic milky latex when damaged that should be handled with care.
Upright Spurge
Euphorbia stricta
Upright Spurge is a bushy, self-seeding member of the Euphorbiaceae native to Europe and southwest Asia. Slender, branching stems carry spear-shaped, pale to yellowish-green leaves and are topped from June to September by clusters of small greenish-yellow flowers. Like all spurges, its stems ooze a milky, irritant latex when cut, so gloves are recommended when handling it. It thrives as an easy-going garden plant, tolerating a wide range of soils and both sun and part shade.
Pencil Cactus
Euphorbia tirucalli
Euphorbia tirucalli, commonly known as Pencil Cactus or Pencil Tree, is a striking succulent shrub native to tropical and subtropical Africa. Despite its common name, it is not a true cactus but belongs to the Euphorbiaceae family. It produces dense clusters of cylindrical, pencil-thin green stems that turn brilliant orange-red in cooler temperatures or high light conditions — a cultivar known as Firesticks. The plant produces a highly caustic white latex sap that is one of the most dangerous among houseplants, capable of causing severe chemical burns and temporary blindness on eye contact.
Devil's Backbone
Euphorbia tithymaloides
Devil's Backbone (Euphorbia tithymaloides) is a succulent shrub native to Tropical Americas, prized for its striking zigzag stems and colorful foliage. Easy to grow and drought-tolerant, it thrives in bright light with minimal watering. Its milky white latex sap is toxic and irritating to skin — always handle with gloves.
Chandelier Tree
Euphorbia triangularis
Euphorbia triangularis is a tree-like succulent native to South Africa, distinguished by its triangular central stem and chandelier-like branching. It grows slowly but can reach several meters tall in warm climates.
African Milk Tree
Euphorbia trigona
The African Milk Tree is a striking succulent native to Central Africa, featuring tall, columnar stems with ridges lined with small leaves and thorns. Despite its cactus-like appearance, it belongs to the Euphorbia family. This architectural plant can grow up to 2.7 meters tall indoors and makes a dramatic statement in any space. The plant produces a toxic milky white sap when damaged, so handle with care.
African Milk Bush
Euphorbia umbellata
Euphorbia umbellata, commonly known as the African Milk Bush, is a fast-growing, semi-succulent evergreen shrub or small tree in the family Euphorbiaceae, native to eastern and southern Africa. In cultivation it typically reaches 3–5 metres in height, though specimens in their natural habitat can exceed 10 metres. The plant features thick, fleshy green stems and large, dark green, oval leaves with prominent veins arranged oppositely on the branches. When any part of the plant is cut or damaged, it exudes a white milky latex that is severely toxic and highly irritating to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. Small dark red to maroon flowers appear in winter, clustered in the cyathia typical of Euphorbia species. This species is widely cultivated as an ornamental in tropical and subtropical gardens worldwide, and in Brazil (where it is known as "leitosinha" or "janaúba") it holds additional cultural significance as a folk medicinal plant.
Eyebright
Euphrasia officinalis
Eyebright (Euphrasia officinalis) is a small, annual meadow plant from the broomrape family (Orobanchaceae). It is a hemiparasite: its roots form haustoria that attach to the roots of nearby grasses and sedges to extract water and nutrients, although the plant also photosynthesizes on its own. The plant grows 10–30 cm tall, with opposite, oval, and serrated leaves. Small white flowers with violet stripes and a yellow spot on the lower lip bloom from July to September. Eyebright grows in meadows, pastures, and roadsides, and has declined significantly in Finland due to the reduction of traditional mowing and grazing practices.
African Bush Daisy
Euryops chrysanthemoides
Euryops chrysanthemoides is an evergreen shrub in the daisy family (Asteraceae), native to eastern South Africa and Eswatini, where it grows on forest margins, riverbanks and coastal scrub. It forms a dense, rounded bush 0.5 to 2 m tall, with dark green leaves cut into deep lobes. The flowers are golden-yellow daisies 3 to 4 cm across on wiry stalks, appearing almost all year with a peak from autumn to spring. It draws butterflies and other pollinators. It used to be called Gamolepis chrysanthemoides.
Gray-leaved Euryops
Euryops pectinatus
Gray-leaved Euryops (Euryops pectinatus) is an evergreen shrub native to South Africa, belonging to the Asteraceae family. It is prized for its silvery-gray aromatic foliage and vivid bright-yellow daisy-like flowers, which bloom almost year-round in mild climates. The plant forms a rounded mound 90–180 cm tall and wide, making it ideal for borders, slopes, and coastal gardens.
Lisianthus
Eustoma grandiflorum
Lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum) is a stunning flowering plant native to the southern Great Plains of North America, including southern USA and Mexico. Its rose-like blooms come in shades of white, pink, purple, blue, and bicolor. Prized as one of the finest cut flowers in the world, it is widely used in bridal bouquets and floral arrangements. Though notoriously difficult to grow, the reward is breathtaking.
Lisianthus
Eustoma russellianum
Eustoma russellianum, commonly known as Lisianthus, is an herbaceous plant famous for its elegant flowers that resemble roses or tulips. Native to the prairies of the United States and Mexico, this species is highly valued in floriculture as a cut flower due to its sophisticated beauty and long vase life. Its petals have a satiny texture, and colors range from soft pastels to deep purples.
Juçara Palm
Euterpe edulis
Euterpe edulis, known as the Juçara Palm, is a native palm of Brazil's Atlantic Forest, critically threatened by illegal palm heart extraction. Its antioxidant-rich fruits are used as a sustainable alternative to Amazonian açaí, and the species plays a vital role in forest restoration and wildlife habitat for over 30 bird species.
Açaí Palm
Euterpe oleracea
The açaí palm is a clustering, multi-stemmed palm native to the seasonally flooded várzea floodplains of the Amazon basin. Its slender, elegant stems can reach 15 to 25 meters tall and are topped with arching, pinnate fronds about a meter long. Clusters of hundreds of small, globose fruits ripen from green to deep purple-black, yielding the antioxidant-rich açaí pulp that has become famous worldwide.
Spotted Joe-Pye Weed
Eutrochium maculatum
Spotted Joe-Pye weed (Eutrochium maculatum, synonym Eupatorium maculatum) is a perennial herbaceous plant native to North America in the Asteraceae family, growing naturally in moist meadows, stream banks, and marshy areas. The plant forms upright, sturdy, often purple-spotted stems up to 210 cm tall and bears large hemispherical pinkish-purple flower heads in late summer and autumn that attract butterflies and bees. In gardens, it is used as a background plant for moist borders, rain gardens, and naturalistic plantings.
Blue Daze
Evolvulus glomeratus
Blue Daze (Evolvulus glomeratus) is a low-growing, spreading perennial native to Brazil, belonging to the Convolvulaceae family. It produces a continuous display of sky-blue flowers with white centers that open each morning and close in the evening or on cloudy days. It is widely used as ground cover, border plant, and in hanging baskets.
Persian Violet
Exacum affine
Exacum affine, commonly known as Persian Violet, is a charming compact flowering plant native to the island of Socotra in Yemen. Prized for its profusion of small, fragrant blue-purple flowers with bright yellow centers, it belongs to the Gentianaceae family. Though often grown as an annual houseplant, it is actually a short-lived perennial in its native subtropical habitat. Its glossy, rounded foliage and sweet fragrance make it a delightful indoor companion during spring and summer.
common pearlbush
Exochorda racemosa
A deciduous ornamental shrub native to China and Korea, common pearlbush is prized for its brief but spectacular spring display: masses of pure-white, five-petaled flowers open from round buds that resemble strings of pearls along arching branches. It grows 8-10 ft (2.4-3 m) tall and often wider, with a graceful, fountain-like habit. Medium-green, oval leaves show no notable fall color. Once established it is drought- and heat-tolerant, low-maintenance, and largely free of serious pests or diseases, making it a reliable backbone shrub for borders, foundation plantings, and mixed hedges.
Buckwheat
Fagopyrum esculentum
Buckwheat is an extremely fast-growing annual herbaceous plant. Although it is used as a cereal, it is technically a pseudocereal belonging to the Polygonaceae family. Its leaves are heart-shaped, and it produces clusters of small white or pink flowers that are very attractive to bees. Its triangular grains are highly nutritious and gluten-free.
American beech
Fagus grandifolia
American beech (Fagus grandifolia) is a deciduous tree native to eastern North America, from Nova Scotia and Ontario south to eastern Texas and northern Florida. It grows slowly to 16-35 m, with a broad crown and a trunk of smooth, silver-gray bark. The 6-12 cm leaves are dark green and toothed; in fall they turn golden bronze and many stay on the branches through winter. Inconspicuous yellow-green flowers open in spring, and in fall the tree bears small three-sided nuts inside a prickly husk, a valuable food for birds and mammals. It is one of the most shade-tolerant trees in its range and can live 200 to 300 years.
Oriental Beech
Fagus orientalis
Fagus orientalis, commonly known as the Oriental Beech, is a magnificent large deciduous tree native to the Caucasus region, northern Turkey, and northern Iran. It is one of the most impressive broadleaf trees in its natural range, reaching heights of 25–40 metres with a broad, dense, rounded crown. Its smooth silver-grey bark, lush green foliage, and brilliant autumn colours make it a highly valued ornamental and forestry tree. It is closely related to the European Beech (Fagus sylvatica) but is better adapted to hotter, drier climates and grows faster in its early years.
European Beech
Fagus sylvatica
The European beech is a large, long-lived deciduous tree native to Europe, prized for its smooth grey bark, dense glossy foliage and dramatic golden-copper autumn colour. It is widely planted as a specimen tree, in parkland, and as a formal hedge, since it tolerates close pruning and retains dried leaves through winter when clipped.
Black bindweed
Fallopia convolvulus
Black bindweed (Fallopia convolvulus, syn. Polygonum convolvulus) is an annual twining vine in the family Polygonaceae, native to Eurasia and North Africa. It has heart-shaped leaves and slender, twining stems that climb over other plants and structures, producing small greenish-white flowers, sometimes tinged pink, from late spring through fall. It is a common agricultural weed found in cultivated fields and disturbed ground, but is also grown as a fast-growing ground cover.
Leopard plant
Farfugium japonicum
Farfugium japonicum, also known as the leopard plant or green leopard plant, is a perennial in the Asteraceae family native to moist coastal areas and stream banks in Japan, Korea, China, and Taiwan. This semi-evergreen plant forms a dense clump of large, round to kidney-shaped leaves with a leathery texture, growing from an underground rhizome on long, fleshy petioles. In the 'Aureomaculatum' cultivar, the leaves are covered with striking yellow spots resembling leopard fur, which gives the plant its name. In autumn and winter, it produces tall flower stalks with clusters of yellow daisy-like flowers. In its natural habitat, it grows in the shade along watercourses, and in gardens, it is used as an ornamental plant for shady areas.
Muriel's Bamboo
Fargesia murielae
Fargesia murielae, also known as Muriel's Bamboo or Umbrella Bamboo, is a clump-forming bamboo native to the Chinese mountain forests. It does not spread via runners and therefore is not invasive. It is characterized by dense, elegantly arching culms and fine, bright green foliage that remains evergreen throughout the year. As one of the hardiest bamboo species, it can permanently withstand temperatures down to approximately -20 °C and even significantly colder for short periods. It flowers only every few decades in a rare, synchronized event (most recently in 1999) and is primarily cultivated for its foliage, not its blooms. Thanks to its dense, non-invasive growth habit, it is very popular as a privacy hedge, a container plant, or a solitary specimen by a garden pond.
Hairy crabweed
Fatoua villosa
Hairy crabweed (Fatoua villosa) is a summer annual in the mulberry family, native to eastern Asia and now a common weed across the southern and eastern United States. It looks like a small mulberry seedling, with heart-shaped, toothed, hairy and slightly sticky leaves on erect, branched stems that range from a few inches to over 4 feet tall. It favors moist, shaded, disturbed ground such as flower beds, nursery containers, greenhouses and wetland edges. Tiny flower clusters appear from spring through fall, and seedlings can flower within about 12 days of reaching the two-leaf stage.
Japanese Aralia
Fatsia japonica
Fatsia japonica is an evergreen shrub native to Japan with dramatic, glossy, hand-shaped leaves that can have 7-11 lobes and grow up to 40 cm wide. Highly valued as an ornamental plant for both indoor spaces and shaded gardens, it is one of the few tropical-looking foliage plants that thrives in deep shade.
Tiger's Jaws
Faucaria bosscheana
Faucaria bosscheana is a compact succulent from the Aizoaceae family, native to the arid regions of South Africa (Eastern Cape). It forms low rosettes of thick, triangular, grayish-green leaves with soft, interlocking teeth along the margins that resemble the jaws of a feline, hence its common name. In autumn and winter, it produces solitary, bright yellow daisy-like flowers that open during the day. It is a slow-growing plant, ideal for rock gardens, pots, or succulent arrangements in very bright indoor spaces.
Pineapple Guava
Feijoa sellowiana
The feijoa (Feijoa sellowiana, accepted synonym Acca sellowiana) is an evergreen shrub or small tree in the Myrtaceae family, native to the subtropical highlands of southern Brazil, Uruguay, Paraguay, and Argentina. The leaves are leathery, dark green and glossy on the upper surface, and silvery and tomentose on the lower surface, giving the canopy a characteristic bicolor effect. In late spring to early summer, it produces showy flowers with purple-tinged white petals and long red stamens with yellow pollen: both the petals and the fruits are edible. The fruit, an oval green berry with aromatic pulp, resembles a cross between pineapple and strawberry in flavor. It is a hardy plant, drought-tolerant once established, resistant to salt spray and brief frosts, and widely used as an ornamental hedge and fruit tree in Mediterranean climates.
Blue Marguerite
Felicia amelloides
Felicia amelloides is an evergreen perennial (sometimes biennial) plant belonging to the Asteraceae family, native to the southern coast of South Africa, where it grows on sandy dunes and rocky slopes. It forms a small, bushy shrub 50-100 cm tall, with opposite, oval leaves that are rough to the touch due to their covering of fine hairs. From late spring until autumn, it produces numerous daisy-like flower heads, about 3 cm wide, with sky-blue ray florets and a bright yellow center.
Baby toes
Fenestraria rhopalophylla
Fenestraria rhopalophylla, known as baby toes or window plant, is a succulent from the Aizoaceae family native to the deserts of Namibia and South Africa. Its cylindrical, fleshy leaves grow in tight clusters and feature translucent tips or "windows" that allow light to pass through to the interior, enabling photosynthesis while most of the leaf remains buried in the sand to protect against extreme heat and dehydration. It blooms in summer and fall with small white or yellow daisy-like flowers.
Loroco
Fernaldia pandurata
Loroco (Fernaldia pandurata) is an evergreen climbing vine in the Apocynaceae family, native to the tropical regions of Central America, particularly El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras. It is characterized by its twining pubescent stems that climb over fences, pergolas, and nearby trees, and by its fragrant, edible greenish-white flower buds, which are an iconic ingredient in Salvadoran cuisine, especially in pupusas.
Barrel Cactus
Ferocactus
Ferocactus is a genus of roughly 30 species of barrel-shaped cacti native to the deserts of the southwestern United States and northern Mexico, ranging from California and Arizona to Sonora and Baja California. Young plants start out columnar and gradually swell into the thick, ribbed, barrel-like form that gives the genus its common name. Most species grow as solitary stems covered in dense, often hooked or brightly colored spines, though a few species such as F. robustus and F. glaucescens form clumping colonies over time. In cultivation, barrel cacti are prized as sculptural, low-maintenance succulents for xeriscapes, rock gardens, and sunny windowsills.
Emory's Barrel Cactus
Ferocactus emoryi
Ferocactus emoryi is a tall, barrel-shaped cactus native to the Sonoran Desert of Arizona, Sonora and Baja California. Young plants are globular and become cylindrical with age, eventually reaching barrel or column form armed with strong, hooked spines. In late summer to early fall it produces bell-shaped yellow, orange or red flowers in a crown at the apex.
Blue Barrel Cactus
Ferocactus glaucescens
The Blue Barrel Cactus (Ferocactus glaucescens) is a globular to barrel-shaped cactus native to central Mexico, prized for its striking blue-green (glaucous) epidermis and dense crown of golden-yellow radial spines. Mature plants form a compact, ribbed barrel that can reach about 60 cm in height and 50 cm in diameter, eventually clustering into small colonies via basal offsets. In late spring and summer it produces funnel-shaped, lemon-yellow flowers near the crown, followed by small white berry-like fruits. It is a slow-growing, low-maintenance succulent that thrives in full sun and well-draining soil, making it a popular choice for xeriscaping and container gardens.
Mexican Barrel Cactus
Ferocactus histrix
Ferocactus histrix, commonly known as the Mexican Barrel Cactus, is a globular succulent species native to the arid regions of Mexico. It is characterized by its bluish-green body with prominent ribs and robust yellowish or reddish radial spines. Over time, the plant may transition from perfectly spherical to slightly columnar. It produces funnel-shaped flowers at the top of the crown, usually in shades of yellow, followed by fleshy fruits.
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